Pacientų, sergančių bronchine astma, žinios apie burnos ligų profilaktikos ypatumus

Kulšytė, Simona

Dspace pagrindinis
→
Studentų baigiamieji darbai - Studijų programos
→
burnos higiena
→
Peržiūrėti elementą

Pacientų, sergančių bronchine astma, žinios apie burnos ligų profilaktikos ypatumus

Kulšytė, Simona

URI: http://dspace.kaunokolegija.lt//handle/123456789/422

Data: 2018-06

Santrauka:

Bronchinė astma – tai lėtinė uždegiminė kvėpavimo takų liga, kurios paplitimo ir sergamumo rodikliai pastaraisiais metais pastebimai didėja daugelyje išsivysčiusių pasaulio šalių, tarp jų ir Lietuvoje (Bajoriūnienė, 2014). Naujausių tyrimų duomenimis, aplinkos pokyčiai, ypatingai klimato kaita ir cheminių medžiagų padidėjimas atmosferoje pastaraisiais metais lemia ne tik oro taršą, bet ir išaugusį sergamumą obstrukcinėmis kvėpavimo takų ligomis, įskaitant ir alerginę astmą (D‘Amato ir kt., 2018). BA gydymui skiriami vaistai neigiamai veikia minkštuosius ir kietuosius burnos ertmės audinius, skatina tolimesnį ligų vystymąsi. Tyrimo metu buvo nagrinėtos ir atskleistos pacientų, sergančių šia liga, žinios apie burnos ligų profilaktikos ypatumus.

Description:

Relevance of the topic. Bronchial asthma is a chronic inflammatory respiratory disease with significantly increasing rates of prevalence and morbidity in most developed countries of the world, including Lithuania (Bajoriūnienė, 2014). Based on the statistics Institute of Hygiene of Lithuania in 2016, it can be stated that the rates of morbidity are progressing – respiratory system diseases cover up 23,7% cases of illness – 43 out of 1000 inhabitants suffer from bronchial asthma. According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), 300 million people suffer from this disease, and it is estimated that by the year of 2025 the number of patients will have increase by 100 million. According to recent studies, environmental changes, particularly climate change and the increase of chemical substances in the atmosphere in recent yrears, determines not only air pollution, but also an increased sickness rate of obstructine respiratory diseases, including allergic asthma (D‘Amato et al., 2018). Singh et al. (2016) describe bronchial asthma in modern world as a very serious public health problem, which emerges in the early stages of childhood and often leads to a lifelong inhalation therapy. Despite the drug composition and efficiency, according to study, most of the drugs used to treat bronchial asthma not only affect the general state of health, but also hard and soft tissues in the oral cavity (Ibraheem and Fawaz, 2014). Aim of the study. Discover the bronchial asthma patients‘ knowledge about oral disease prophylaxis peculiarities. Main tasks: 1) Theoretically describe the concept of bronchial asthma. 2) Describe the aspects of correct oral care for bronchial asthma patients. 3) Empirically discover what do bronchial asthma patients know about oral disease prophylaxis peculiarities. Methodology of the study. In order to study the given topic deeper, a qualitative study was conducted. The data was collected by interviewing the informants using a semi-structured interview method, followed by an analysis of the data. Results of the study. According to the data collected during study, the majority of bronchial asthma patients rate their oral health negatively and often have problems with soft and hard tissues in the oral cavity. The informants notice the effects of drugs used for BA treatment and changes in the oral cavity, the main ones being tooth decay, dry mouth and rapid accumulation of plaque. For everyday oral care, the respondents usually choose a toothbrush and a paste. They brush teeth 2-3 times a day, rarely use a dental floss or a mouthwash. Not all respondents are aware of additional means of prophylaxis, however, they highlight regular visits to oral care specialists as the most effective way to prevent oral diseases, and most of the respondents do not visit them as regularly as recommended. According to the informants, doctors did not provide all necessary information about possible changes in the oral cavity after diagnosing bronchial asthma. Conclusions: 1) Bronchial asthma – a chronic inflammatory respiratory disease that increases bronchial sensitivity to various irritants, also various strength, often reversible bronchial obstruction is inherent. The disease is often characterized by an attacking shortness of breath, wheezing and a feeling of tightness in the chest. Predisposing, causative and provocative risk factors are believed to have the greatest impact on the development of the disease. 2) Correct oral hygiene is the main tool for oral cavity disease prophylaxis. By properly controlling the health of the oral cavity, it is possible to reduce the effect of acids on the oral tissues, improve the well-being and reduce or completely eliminate the development of changes in the oral cavity. 3) To summarize the results of the study, patients with BA are not satisfied with their oral health. Changes in the oral cavity which appear due to the effect of medication, cause discomfort to the patient, negatively affect the soft and hard tissues of the oral cavity and promote further development of oral diseases. Even throuh the interviewed patients take good care of their oral cavity, not all of them know and use additonal means of prophylaxis needed for their specific oral cavity changes. Visit oral care specialists irregularly, doctors do not provide all the necessary information about oral cavity manifestations.

Rodyti visą įrašą