X ligoninės mikrobiologijos laboratorijoje 2014 ir 2017 metais aptiktų bakterijų atsparumas antibiotikams

Zigmantavičiūtė, Ieva

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X ligoninės mikrobiologijos laboratorijoje 2014 ir 2017 metais aptiktų bakterijų atsparumas antibiotikams

Zigmantavičiūtė, Ieva

URI: http://dspace.kaunokolegija.lt//handle/123456789/560

Data: 2018-06

Santrauka:

Mokslinio darbo metu buvo renkami duomenys X ligoninėje mikrobiologijos laboratorijoje apie bakterijų (S.aureus, E.coli, Klebsiella spp., Enterococcus spp.) atsparumą antibiotikams, bei atsparių antibiotikams bakterijų pasiskirstymą pagal klinikines medžiagas. Buvo lyginami 2014 ir 2017 m. duomenys su tikslu pamatyti ar aptiktų atsparių antibiotikams bakterijų skaičius X ligoninės mikrobiologijos laboratorijoje padidėjo ir kaip pasikeitė jų pasiskirstymas pagal klinikines medžiagas.

Description:

Relevance of the topic: The excessive use of antimicrobial medicines in the presence of various bacterial infections has led to an increase in the number of microorganisms that are resistant to many antibiotics used in medicine. Aim of the thesis: to compare the resistance to antibiotics of bacteria found in the microbiology laboratory of X hospital in 2014 and 2017. Tasks of the work: 1. To review the scientific literature on the determination of susceptibility to antimicrobials, the causes of bacterial resistance to antibiotics, and the risks to human health of resistant microorganisms. 2. To evaluate the distribution of antibiotic-resistant bacteria found in the microbiology laboratory of X hospital in 2014 and 2017 according to the clinical material. 3. To compare the changes in the antimicrobial resistance of bacteria found in pathological materials of the microbiology laboratory of X hospital in 2014 and 2017. Methodology of the research: the commissioned final thesis was carried out (Contract No. F23 – 197). The data were collected in the microbiology laboratory of X hospital in the period from 01-10-2017 to 31-03-2018. There were analyzed (15899) in 2014 and (17015) in 2017, a total of 32,914 research replies. For the analysis, the results of the microbiological studies of the clinical materials (blood, urine, upper and lower respiratory tract secretion, genital secretion, liver, pus) determining the resistance of bacteria (S.aureus, E.coli, K.pneumoniae and Enterococcus spp.) to antibiotics (Ceftazidime, Cefotaxime, Amoxicillin with Clavulanic Acid, Vancomycin, Oxacillin) were selected. The statistical analysis of the data obtained using the Microsoft Excel 2010 program was performed. Results. The analysis of laboratory findings revealed that in 2017, compared to 2014, more antibiotic resistant pathogenic microorganisms were detected: MRSA - 0.8%, E. coli ESBL - 0.5%, VRE - 1.7%. Comparing the data for the same year, only K.pneumoniae ESBL detected 4.7%. less. In the test substance, MRSA was found mainly in pups, E.coli ESBL, K.pneumoniae ESBL and VRE - in the urine. Conclusions: 1. Bacterial susceptibility to antibiotics is determined by disk diffusion method. Irrational use of antibiotics poses a serious threat to human health, increases healthcare costs, and treatment failure occurs. 2. In 2014 ir 2017, MRSA was dominated in the pus secretion, with the least of these detected in the upper respiratory tract secretion. VRE was predominant in the urine, the least amount of it was found in liquor. ESBL-producing E.coli is mainly found in the urine, at least was detected in the genital secretion. ESBL producing K.pneumoniae were predominant in the urine, with the least of them detected in the upper respiratory tract secretion. 3. In 2017, comparead to 2014, more antibiotic-resistant pathogenic microorganisms were detected: MRSA, E.coli ESBL, VRE. Comparing the data of the same year, only K.pneumoniae ESBL was found to be less.

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