Deliktinės civilinės atsakomybės ypatumai ir taikymo problemos: teorija ir praktika

Asanavičius, Andrius

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Deliktinės civilinės atsakomybės ypatumai ir taikymo problemos: teorija ir praktika

Asanavičius, Andrius

URI: http://dspace.kaunokolegija.lt//handle/123456789/403

Data: 2018-06

Santrauka:

Lietuvos Respublikos Konstitucinis Teismas, aiškindamas Lietuvos Respublikos Konstitucijos 30 straipsnio 2 dalį, yra konstatavęs, kad būtinumas atlyginti asmeniui padarytą materialinę ir moralinę žalą yra konstitucinis principas. Įtvirtinant šį konstitucinį principą siekiama užtikrinti, kad asmenims, patyrusiems materialinę ar moralinę žalą, ji bus atlyginta. Šis konstitucinis principas (būtinumas atlyginti asmeniui padarytą materialinę ir moralinę žalą) neatskiriamas nuo Konstitucijoje įtvirtinto teisingumo principo: įstatymais turi būti sudarytos visos reikiamos teisinės prielaidos padarytą žalą atlyginti teisingai.

Description:

Andrius Asanavičius. Tortious Civil Liability and Aplication problems: Theory and Practice. Graduation thesis. Supervisor – lecturer Kristina Lukauskaitė – Valatkė, Department of Law, Faculty of Management and Economics, Kauno kolegija. The work examines specific civil liability type – tortious (or non-contractual) liability. Non-contractual civil liability is a financial liability arising out of damage that is not related to contractual relations, unless the law provides that tortious liability arises also from damage arising from contractual relations. The damage in these legal relationships is due to the fact that the values protected by the law are violated. As a result, the debtor has an obligation to compensate for the damage caused by his actions. It may be complicated to understand the concept, that tortious liability makes, therefore this work is made to describe it as understandable as possible. There are many cases in which non-contractual liability appears in and therefore it is legally important to know the main peculiarities of non-contractual that are dealt with at work. Theme is examined through various general and national documents, court rulings, case law reports, articles. Aim of the work – toanalyze and distinguish the essential peculiarities of non-contractual civil liability, supplementing and justifying them with relevant case law. The structure: 1. In the first chapter, the author of the work establishes the concept of non-contractual liability and the necessary conditions for the occurrence of liability. 2. Second chapter aim is to describe the problem of the competition between contractual and non-contractual liabilities. 3. Third and last chapter of work main purpose is specification of each individual type of non-contractual liabilities, which is supported by the practice of Lithuanian courts. Methods of work: 1. Analysis of legislation. 2. Analysis of scientific articles. 3. Descriptive. 4. Comparative. 4 The results: 1.Tortious civil liability is one of the property obligations that arises when the responsible parties violate the norms established by law, where the debtor and the creditor are not related to contractual relations, except for the exceptions when the law establishes non-contractual liability and during contractual relations - this definition of delinquent civil liability is formulated at work. General terms and conditions (unlawful acts, causation, guilt, damage) apply tortious civil liability, but after examining the circumstances of the circumstances in each type of general civil liability, it is evident that the conditions may vary, some conditions are not necessary, and sometimes additional conditions needs to exist which leads to liability. 2. The Lithuanian courts do not fully resolve the problem of civil liability dualismcompetition, indicating the impossibility of such a situation in the legal system of the country: according to the legal regulation of civil liability, competition between contractual and tortious liability is not possible. The Civil Code clearly specifies when a contractual and tortiouscivil liability occurs. In the face of such a competition between tort and contractual civil liability, the courts determine the basis for the emergence of relations between the parties, the nature of the relations determines the specific liability to the court for the application. 3. After examining legal literature and relevant case law, the role of such sources of law was emphasized - to supplement the law. Laws (and especially their collections), although often of a large scale, do not always include all the norms that are necessary for the full exercise of justice. The courts themselves formulate their practice in the light of specific factual circumstances in the case, which can then be adapted in analogous situations. In this way, new standards are created, which are not an exception and a matter of tortious civil liability

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