DNR išskyrimo metodas iš vaisių ir daržovių namų sąlygomis

Pocius, Evaldas

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DNR išskyrimo metodas iš vaisių ir daržovių namų sąlygomis

Pocius, Evaldas

URI: http://dspace.kaunokolegija.lt//handle/123456789/1634

Data: 2019-06-14

Santrauka:

Baigiamojo bakalauro darbe buvo parengtas DNR išskyrimo iš vaisių ir daržovių namų sąlygomis metodas. Išnagrinėjus mokslinę ir dalykinę literatūrą, atlikus bandymus išskiriant DNR iš vaisių ir daržovių buvo pateiktos išvados ir praktikinis darbo pritaikomumas. Darbą sudaro įvadas, literatūros analizė, empirinė tyrimo dalis, išvados, praktikinis darbo priklausomumas, literatūros sąrašas bei priedai. Darbo apimtis – 38 puslapiai.

Description:

Isolation of deoxyribonucleic acid is an integral part of modern medical biotechnology. Isolation and the interpretation of the DNA structure revealed genetic diseases and their inheritance issues. One of the greatest scientific achievements is the Human Genome Project. In a 13-year study, scientists discovered and recorded the entire human genome (Heather and B.Cain, 2016). To date, there is a huge amount of DNA to be extracted from a wide range of organisms: plants, bacteria, and animals. A variety of commercial kits for DNA extraction can be found in the trade, but they are all expensive, contain dangerous reagents, and require specialized equipment and preparation (C. Sika and T. Kefela, 2015). The aim of the study is to prepare a DNA isolation method for home and fruit fruits and vegetables. Research tasks: 1. Describe the sources of literature on DNA isolation techniques. 2. Select most appropriate reagents for DNA purification from fruits and vegetables. 3. Identify fruits and vegetables suitable for DNA extraction at home. In the course of the work, DNA isolation from fruits and vegetables was performed to find out the most suitable materials and their concentrations, factors that could influence DNA extraction. Conclusions: 1. The extraction of DNA from fruits and vegetables consists of three main stages: cell destruction, DNA precipitation, DNA purification. Various reagents, including ethanol, enzymes, alkalis, salts, are used in laboratories for DNA isolation. There are also cooling and heating stages. 2. Dishwashing detergent, as well as a laboratory detergent consisting of amphipathic molecules with hydrophilic (polar) and hydrophobic (non-polar) moieties that interact with and disrupt membrane lipids. Edible salt is used instead of sodium acetate, which destroys proteins and reduces DNA solubility in water. Ethanol, which mix with water, precipitates DNA in the top layer of solution. 3. At home, the most easily done DNA isolation is from soft fruit and vegetables (bananas, tomatoes, strawberries, kiwi). The research has provided a methodology for DNA isolation to be performed at home without expensive reagents or expensive special equipment

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