Vidutinio intensyvumo skirtingų aerobinės treniruotės ratu modelių poveikis pagyvenusių asmenų širdies ir kraujagyslių bei kvėpavimo sistemų funkciniams rodikliams

Gilienė, Ramunė

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Vidutinio intensyvumo skirtingų aerobinės treniruotės ratu modelių poveikis pagyvenusių asmenų širdies ir kraujagyslių bei kvėpavimo sistemų funkciniams rodikliams

Gilienė, Ramunė

URI: http://dspace.kaunokolegija.lt//handle/123456789/1522

Data: 2019-06-05

Santrauka:

Darbo tikslas: nustatyti vidutinio intensyvumo skirtingų aerobinės treniruotės ratu modelių poveikį pagyvenusių asmenų širdies ir kraujagyslių bei kvėpavimo sistemų funkciniams rodikliams. Teorinėje darbo dalyje analizuojama senėjimo įtaka širdies ir kraujagyslių bei kvėpavimo sistemoms, taip pat ir minėtų sistemų ligų epidemiologija. Taip pat nagrinėjamas vidutinio intensyvumo aerobinės treniruotės ratu su kvėpavimo pratimais ir jėgos pratimais poveikis pagyvenusių asmenų širdies ir kraujagyslių bei kvėpavimo sistemoms ir lyginamas skirtingų treniruočių poveikis. Atlikus empirinį tyrimą nustatėme, kad norint pagerinti pagyvenusių asmenų širdies ir kraujagyslių bei kvėpavimo sistemų funkcinius rodiklius, taip pat ir bendrai fizinį pajėgumą, veiksmingiausia taikyti aerobines treniruotes ir jėgos pratimus. Palyginus skirtingų aerobinių treniruočių poveikį, statistiškai reikšmingas skirtumas tarp kvėpavimo pratimų ir jėgos pratimų grupių po atlikto tyrimo, nustatytas nebuvo.

Description:

With increasing number of elderly people in Lithuania and throughout the European Union, it is very important to improve the quality of life (WHO). One of the aging indicators is the capacity decrease in cardiovascular and respiratory system. Decreased heart and respiratory function, and muscle capacity associated with age and/or inactivity have a significant impact on human functional capability (Aguirre & Villareal, 2015). Aerobic training improves endothelial – dependent vasodilation in coronary microcirculation (Duncker, 2008). Aerobic exercise increases vascular elasticity (inhibits arterial stiffness) and retains endothelial function during aging (Seals, 2014). The aim: To determine the different moderate intensity aerobic workout in a circle patterns on the elderly cardiovascular and respiratory functional parameters. Research objectives: 1. Examine cardiovascular and respiratory function of elderly people before and after moderate aerobic exercise with breathing exercises. 2. To study the functional characteristics of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems of the elderly people before and after the moderate intensity aerobic exercise with strength exercises. 3. Compare different aerobic training effect on the elderly cardiovascular and respiratory functional parameters after application of different workouts. Research Methods: Measurement of arterial blood pressure; heart rate measurement; saturation; spirometry; measuring the thoracic excursion; 6-minute walk test; Borg scale. Statistics were analyzed and processed after the study. Subjects: The study included 11 healthy, elderly people (aged 60 to 74 years old according to WHO) with a mean age of 68.27 ± 5.43 years. The subjects were randomly divided into groups of breathing (n = 6) and strength exercises (n = 5). Study groups did not differ in age (p = 0.27), height (p = 0.461), and weight (p = 0.201). Results: After eight weeks of study with elderly people, heart rate results and arterial blood pressure results, indicating no statistically significant change (p <0.05). However, a statistically significant reduction observed in diastolic arterial blood pressure (p> 0.05) of the respiratory exercise group, comparing the results before and after the study. Statistically significant change was not observed in the spirometry, chest excursion results before and after the study, as well as between the groups (p> 0.05). Prior to the 6-minute walk test, none of the subjects had dyspnea before the test, so data from Borg's scores were used only after a 6-minute walk test and statistically significant change in the results before and after the study was not found (p> 0.05). Results of a 6-minute walk test statistically significantly increased in the strength exercise group (p <0.05). Conclusions: 1. After aerobic workouts in a circle with the breathing exercises group were statistically significant diastolic blood pressure reduction after the study. There were no statistically significant changes in the functional parameters of cardiovascular and respiratory systems of the elderly people before and after the study. 2. A statistically significant increase in 6-minute walk test results was observed in a group of aerobic training with strength exercises. No statistically significant changes were observed in the cardiovascular and respiratory function of the elderly people before and after the study. 3. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups comparing the effects of different aerobic training on the functional parameters of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems of the elderly.

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