Saugios aplinkos palaikymo ir savisaugos užtikrinimo priemonių taikymas slaugytojų ir pacientų, sergančių tuberkulioze, požiūriu

Mikalauskienė, Jolita; Stonytė, Diana

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Saugios aplinkos palaikymo ir savisaugos užtikrinimo priemonių taikymas slaugytojų ir pacientų, sergančių tuberkulioze, požiūriu

Mikalauskienė, Jolita; Stonytė, Diana

URI: http://dspace.kaunokolegija.lt//handle/123456789/1482

Data: 2019-04-10

Santrauka:

Literatūriškai aprašomi tuberkuliozės ypatumai ir slaugytojų profesinė rizika. Tyrimo metu vertinami slaugytojų, slaugančių tuberkulioze sergančius pacientus bei pacientų, sergančių tuberkulioze savisaugos užtikrinimo priemonių taikymas. Nustatoma, kokias apsaugos priemones taiko slaugytojai savo darbe bei kokias apsaugos priemones naudoja pacientai, siekdami sumažinti infekcijos plitimą

Description:

The aim of the research: to evaluate the application of measures to maintain a safe environment and ensure self-protection from the perspectives of nurses and patients with tuberculosis. Objectives: 1. To describe the peculiarities of tuberculosis and the professional risk of nurses. 2. To distinguish the safety requirements for nurses in the care of the patients with tuberculosis. 3. To define the safety requirements for the patients with tuberculosis. 4. To identify the activity of the nurses working safely with the patients with tuberculosis. 5. To identify the patients with tuberculosis knowledge of the compliance with safety requirements. The object of the research: the measures to maintain a safe environment and ensure self-protection for nurses and patients with tuberculosis. Methods and Participants of the thesis: 1. Analysis of the scientific literature. 2. Document Analysis. 3. Instantaneous quantitative research by carrying out an anonymous questionnaire survey. 4. Descriptive statistical analysis. Nurses who have a direct contact with the patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. The patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and in hospital treatment. Study Results and Conclusions: 1. Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis that spread through the air with particles. The main source of infection is a person with open lung TB. Inadequately treated TB can be fatal. According to the WHO, tuberculosis is one of the major diseases of today and one third of the world's population is infected with this bacterium. Tuberculosis agents can often be detected in the work environment of nurses. The risk of getting infected is high due to frequent contact with infected persons or other sources of infection. 2. The Adoption (2000) of the Order of the Ministry of Health of The Republic of Lithuania on Epidemiological Regimen in Health Care Institutions, which Provide Medical Assistance to Individuals with Tuberculosis and Who Carry Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, states that the main safety requirements for nurses caring the patients with tuberculosis are: the use of personal protective equipment, isolation of patients carrying mycobacterium, hand hygiene, disinfection of instruments, surfaces and transport, room ventilation, preventive health checks and patient training. The Resolution (1999) of the Government of the Republic of Lithuania on the Establishment of Occupational Diseases indicates that the employees of personal or public health care institutions, who suspect an occupational disease, must contact a doctor for examination and report it to the appropriate authorities. 3. The patients should have and know how to use standard isolation devices, as specified in HN 47 – 1 (2012). Individual protection, hygiene and one-off diagnostic measures are given to the patients. The rules (2010) of the internal review of the institution, in which the research was carried out, state that the main safety requirements for the patients with tuberculosis are as follows: formation and compliance with hygienic skills, compliance with coughing and sneezing etiquette, wearing medical masks indoors, correct use of the spittoons, compliance with applied treatment mode. 4. Most nurses adhere to the requirements by using personal protective equipment, but for more than a half of the nurses participating in the research did not undergo a practical test when using a respirator the first time, one fifth of respondents said they rarely put a respirator when treating the patients. Most nurses comply with hand hygiene requirements. All nurses involved in the study regularly carry out their own mandatory preventive checks. One third of the nurses accept the patients to the procedure room too often. Most nurses perform the transport disinfection after each patient. The research shows that half of the respondents had not been transferred to a single room ward when they arrived at the hospital, and that the nurses should ensure the isolation measures of the patients. More than half of the nurses do not undertake courses about protective measures for the patients. One-third of nurses did not contact with a doctor for examination, after a suspicion of tuberculosis infection. 5. One third of respondents said they had not participated in a protection training. Most patients use the medical masks according to their requirements, use their own personal spittoons and follow the prescription of medication prescribed by the doctor. One fifth of the patients do not comply with hygiene requirements when living with other family members. Nearly half of the respondents do not cover their mouths when coughing or sneezing

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