Pacientų slaugos poreikiai perioperaciniu laikotarpiu atliekant inkstų transplantaciją

Samaitė, Ona

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Pacientų slaugos poreikiai perioperaciniu laikotarpiu atliekant inkstų transplantaciją

Samaitė, Ona

URI: http://dspace.kaunokolegija.lt//handle/123456789/1410

Data: 2019-04-08

Santrauka:

Literatūriškai aprašoma inkstų transplantacijos alternatyva, gydant pacientus sergančius galutiniu inkstų nepakankamumu, inkstų transplantacijos organizavimas, pooperacinės komplikacijos, pacientų gyvybinių veiklų pokyčiai ir slauga po atlikots operacijos. Tyrimo metu yra vertinami pacientų slaugos poreikiai, po atliktos inksto transplantacijos. Po to yra palyginama, kaip pasikeitė slaugos poreikiai, prieš ir po atliktos operacijos, pagal 12 gyvybinių veiklų. Atskleidžiama slaugytojo veikla, perioperaciniu laikotarpiu.

Description:

Relevance of the work. Based on the lastest data from this year's National Transplantation Bureau, which was collected on September 3rd, there are 162 patients waiting for kidney trasplantation in Lithuania. Nursing participation in this process is rarely considered, but is important because it can prevent complications and progression. Analyzing the evolution at the therapy on patients with kidney disease, many studies shown that kidney transplantations improves patients survivability, compared to those on dialysis alone. Investigative goal: Identify the needs of patients after kidney transplantation. Research tasks: 1. Describe the causes of kidney transplantation, postoperative complications. 2. To reveal the needs of nursing after the kidney transplantation, according to twelve vital activities. 3. Compare nursing needs in the perioperative period for kidney transplantation. Methodology of investigation.  Literature analysis (used to reveal: kidney transplantation as an alternative to chronic kidney failure, the changes in vital function of patients after kidney transplantation and the needs of nursing).  Questionnaire survey, research data processing and analysis (used to evaluate in practice: the vital activities of patients before and after kidney transplantation, to determine their nursing needs). During the survey, consisting of 33 questions was provided to the respondents. During qualitative research, the data was collected by testing method, the data obtained will be presented graphically - diagrams. The charts will be created using Exel program. Research results. 60% of kidney transplantation was performed on mens and 40 % on womens. The average age of patients was about 48 years. After kidney transplantation, there were problems in the following vital activities: in safe environments (general weakness, dizziness), eating and drinking (nausea, vomiting, need help with food), urination and defecation (constipation, possibility with a infection, urinary catheter), person cleaning and preparing (in needs of help to wash and dress), movement (disordered self-movement), sleep (tired of frequent awakening at night, hard to sleep, tired of daytime sleep). Conclusions. After evaluating the vital activities of patients after kidney transplantation, the following vital needs were: maintaining a safe environment, vital activity of breathing, eating and drinking, defecation and urination, cleaning and preparation, and vital activities of sleep.

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